How to Recognize the Signs of Keloid Scars and Available Treatment Options

Keloid scars are a type of raised scar that occurs when the body produces excess collagen during the healing process. Unlike regular scars, keloids can grow beyond the boundaries of the original wound and continue to enlarge over time. At Medical Dermatology Specialists in Atlanta, GA, we understand the physical and emotional impact that keloid scars can have on your life. Recognizing the early signs of keloids and seeking prompt treatment can help manage and reduce their appearance.

According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), keloid scars affect approximately 10% of people globally, with a higher prevalence in individuals with darker skin tones, particularly those of African, Asian, or Hispanic descent. Keloids are the result of an overactive healing process where the skin produces more collagen than necessary. This leads to the formation of a thick, raised scar that extends beyond the original injury. Keloids can develop anywhere on the body but are most commonly found on the chest, shoulders, earlobes, and upper back. They can arise from a variety of skin injuries, including cuts, burns, acne, piercings, surgical incisions, and even minor scratches.

Early Signs of Keloid Scars

Recognizing the early signs of keloid formation is crucial for timely intervention. Here are some indicators that you may be developing a keloid scar:

• Raised Skin: One of the first signs of a keloid is the development of a raised area at the site of the injury. While most scars are flat, keloids are characterized by their thick, raised appearance.
• Pink, Red, or Purple Color: Keloid scars often appear as pink, red, or purple in color, especially in the early stages. Over time, the color may fade, but the scar remains raised and noticeable.
• Itching or Tenderness: Many people with keloids report itching or tenderness around the scar. This discomfort can persist as the keloid continues to grow.
• Gradual Growth: Unlike typical scars that shrink and flatten over time, keloids may continue to grow for weeks, months, or even years after the initial injury. The scar tissue extends beyond the boundaries of the original wound.
• Smooth, Shiny Surface: Keloid scars often have a smooth and shiny surface, which can distinguish them from other types of scars.

If you notice any of these signs after a skin injury, it’s important to consult a dermatologist. Early intervention can help prevent the keloid from growing larger and becoming more difficult to treat.

Treatment Options for Keloid Scars

While keloids can be challenging to treat, there are several options available to manage and reduce their appearance. The effectiveness of treatment can vary depending on the size, location, and age of the keloid, as well as the individual’s skin type.

• Corticosteroid Injections: Corticosteroid injections are often the first line of treatment for keloid scars. These injections help reduce inflammation, flatten the scar, and decrease itching. Multiple sessions may be needed for optimal results.
• Cryotherapy: Cryotherapy involves freezing the keloid with liquid nitrogen, which helps reduce its size. This treatment is often used in conjunction with corticosteroid injections to enhance results.
• Laser Therapy: Laser treatment can be effective in reducing the redness and size of keloid scars. It works by targeting the blood vessels within the keloid, which can help flatten and fade the scar over time. Laser therapy may require multiple sessions.
• Surgical Removal: In some cases, surgical removal of the keloid may be recommended. However, there is a risk that the keloid may return after surgery, sometimes larger than before. To reduce this risk, surgery is often combined with other treatments, such as corticosteroid injections or radiation therapy.
• Silicone Gel or Sheets: Silicone gel or sheets are applied directly to the keloid and can help flatten and soften the scar over time. This treatment is non-invasive and can be used alongside other therapies.
• Pressure Therapy: Pressure therapy involves applying pressure to the keloid with a specialized garment or bandage. This technique is often used after surgical removal to prevent the keloid from returning.
• Radiation Therapy: In some cases, radiation therapy may be used after surgical removal to prevent the recurrence of keloids. This treatment is typically reserved for severe cases where other treatments have been unsuccessful.
• Topical Treatments: Certain topical treatments, including retinoid creams and imiquimod, may be prescribed to help reduce the size and appearance of keloids.

If you’re prone to developing keloids, taking preventive measures is key. Avoid unnecessary skin trauma, such as piercings and tattoos, and inform your healthcare provider of your tendency to develop keloids before undergoing any surgical procedures. Applying pressure garments and using silicone gel on new scars can also help minimize the risk of keloid formation.

Why Choose Medical Dermatology Specialists?

At Medical Dermatology Specialists in Atlanta, GA, our team of experienced dermatologists is dedicated to providing personalized care for all your skin concerns, including keloid scars. We offer a comprehensive range of treatment options tailored to your unique needs and skin type. Whether you’re dealing with a new keloid or seeking treatment for an existing one, we are here to help you achieve the best possible outcome.

If you suspect you have a keloid scar or want to learn more about your treatment options, contact Medical Dermatology Specialists today to schedule a consultation. Early intervention can make all the difference in managing keloid scars and restoring your skin’s appearance.